B64 encoding, or Base64 encoding, is a method used to convert binary data into a text format. This is particularly helpful when handling data that needs to be stored or transmitted over media that are designed to deal with text.

In the context of cryptocurrencies, B64 encoding is often used for encoding data like transaction details, wallet information, or digital signatures. Since these types of information often consist of binary strings that can include non-printable characters, converting them to Base64 ensures they can be easily shared as plain text. The process involves taking groups of 3 bytes of binary data and converting them into 4 ASCII characters.

This conversion increases the size of the data, making it approximately 33% larger than the original binary format. Overall, B64 encoding aids in ensuring that data remains intact and readable during transmission and storage, which is crucial for secure cryptocurrency operations. Its use helps enhance compatibility across different systems and platforms while maintaining the integrity of the data being handled.