Money Flow Index (MFI): A Simple Guide for Traders
Your chart was green, the candle closed strong, and you entered. What you didn’t check was whether real money was actually moving or just price. That distinction is everything. The Money Flow Index exists for exactly this moment: not to tell you where price is going, but to tell you whether the capital behind it is real. Most traders never ask that question. The MFI does, automatically, on every candle. Key Takeaways Read Also: Top 7 Crypto Technical Analysis Bots. What is the Money Flow Index? source The Money Flow Index (MFI) is a technical indicator that reflects the rate at which money is flowing into or out of a security. It uses both price and volume data to detect overbought or oversold conditions in an asset, as well as potential trend reversals through divergences. The MFI oscillates between 0 and 100, similar to the Relative Strength Index (RSI), with the key distinction that the MFI incorporates volume into its calculations. Analysts observed that volume alone was not an accurate measure of momentum; instead, the market’s response to price changes is what truly matters. Note that although the creators of the MFI, Gene Quong and Avram Soudack, originally proposed using the 10 and 90 levels as thresholds for these conditions, prices seldom reach these extremes. Key Components of MFI are: How to Calculate Money Flow Index The MFI calculation involves several steps: 1. Calculate the Typical Price (TP) for the specified time period: TP = (HIGH + LOW + CLOSE) / 3 2. Calculate the Money Flow (MF): MF = TP * VOLUME If the current typical price exceeds the previous typical price, the money flow is considered positive; otherwise, it is negative. A positive money flow indicates that investors are accumulating positions in the asset, while a negative flow suggests that they are exiting their positions. 3. Calculate the Money Ratio (MR): MR = Positive Money Flow (PMF) / Negative Money Flow (NMF) 4. Calculate the Money Flow Index (MFI): MFI = 100 – (100 / (1 + MR)) The MFI typically uses a default time period of 14, with a fixed minimum of 0 and a fixed maximum of 100. This results in the MFI value oscillating between 0 and 100. Note that the time period can be adjusted based on trader preference. Practical Applications of the Money Flow Index Here’s how to use the signals generated by the MFI indicator: 1. Overbought and Oversold Conditions Source: TradingView As noted earlier, an MFI reading above 80 indicates overbought conditions. In such a situation, traders should look for opportunities to place sell orders, anticipating a potential trend reversal. Conversely, an MFI reading below 20 signals oversold conditions. When this occurs, traders should seek opportunities to place buy orders, expecting a trend reversal. 2. Divergences A divergence happens when the price moves in the opposite direction of the MFI indicator. A bullish divergence occurs when the price is declining while the indicator values are rising. This suggests that selling pressure is weakening and that buyers may soon take control. Source: TradingView Such a divergence can present a buying opportunity at a lower price. Conversely, a bearish divergence arises when the price is rising, but the indicator values are falling. This signals diminishing buying pressure, indicating that sellers may be gaining the upper hand. Source: TradingView A bearish divergence can provide an opportunity for sellers to exit at a higher price by placing short sale orders. 3. Failure Swings Similar to divergences, failure swings can also lead to price reversals. However, unlike divergences, failure swings are not influenced by price movements and are solely based on the MFI. Both bullish and bearish failure swings consist of four key steps. Bullish Money Flow Index (MFI) Failure Swing Bearish Money Flow Index (MFI) Failure Swing 4. Trend Pullbacks In trending markets, the strategy is often to align with the prevailing trend during price retracements. The MFI can aid in this decision-making. During an uptrend, if the MFI drops below 20 and then rises back above, it signals the end of the retracement, indicating that prices are likely to resume their upward movement. In a downtrend, an MFI spike above 80 followed by a drop below that level suggests that the retracement is over and that prices are ready to continue their downward trajectory. 5. Trading Breakouts Source: Pinterest When the MFI makes a sharp move out of overbought or oversold conditions, it can sometimes precede a breakout. Traders often use this in conjunction with other technical indicators to confirm their trades. 6. Volume Confirmation Since the MFI incorporates volume, it can act as a volume confirmation tool. For example, a strong upward move in price coupled with a rising MFI and thus increased volume suggests that the move is likely to continue. On the other hand, a price move with a declining MFI might be unsustainable. Why is the Money Flow Index (MFI) Important? As noted by researchgate, a stunning 90% of traders ultimately lose money. To avoid becoming a regular victim in the volatile market, it is necessary to increase your knowledge of using tools to increase your chances of making profits. The Money Flow Index (MFI) is significant for several reasons, providing valuable insights into market dynamics. Here are some key aspects of its importance: Importance of MFI Description Assessing Buying and Selling Pressure Gauges capital movement in or out of an asset to track market sentiment and identify potential corrections when divergences occur. Identifying Overbought and Oversold Conditions Detects levels above 80 (overbought) or below 20 (oversold) to help anticipate potential price reversals and rebounds. Enhancing Trading Strategies Improves entry and exit timing by tracking periods of high selling pressure or strong buying interest during market volatility. Used in Combination with RSI Adds volume data to complement the price-only Relative Strength Index (RSI), offering a complete evaluation of market sentiment. Confirming Trading Signals Validates trade setups and alerts traders to weaker momentum using divergence patterns before trend downturns. Spotting
Top 7 Crypto Technical Analysis Bots
Discover the right bot to automate your strategies and potentially elevate your returns. This guide explores leading options for beginners, intermediate & advanced users.
Top 10 Providers Offering Crypto IRAs
You’ve been paying taxes on Bitcoin gains every year. Meanwhile, the same person sitting next to you at work is watching their 401(k) compound — untouched by the IRS until retirement. The difference isn’t the asset. It’s the account. A crypto IRA gives your Bitcoin the same tax shelter your neighbor’s index fund already has. Here are the top 10 providers offering crypto IRAs doing it in 2026. First things first What Is a Crypto IRA? A Crypto IRA is a self-directed individual retirement account (IRA) that allows you to invest in cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other digital assets, all within a tax-advantaged retirement structure. How Do Crypto IRAs Work? Crypto IRAs function similarly to traditional IRAs, but instead of holding stocks or bonds, they allow you to invest in digital assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other cryptocurrencies. These accounts are established through self-directed IRA custodians or specialized crypto IRA providers that are authorized to manage alternative assets in accordance with IRS regulations. To get started, you can fund your Crypto IRA by rolling over an existing retirement account (like a traditional IRA or 401(k)), making annual contributions, or transferring crypto you already own if the provider supports in-kind transfers. Once funded, you can buy, sell, and store crypto inside your IRA while maintaining the tax benefits of either a traditional IRA (tax-deferred growth) or a Roth IRA (tax-free withdrawals in retirement). The provider ensures secure custody, often through cold storage and multi-signature wallets, and handles IRS compliance and reporting. Read Also: Crypto Scalping vs Swing Trading: Which One Actually Fits Your Life? Top 10 Best Providers Offering Crypto IRAs 1. Bitcoin IRA – Best for Broad Crypto Selection and 24/7 Trading Trusted by over 200,000 Americans since 2016, Bitcoin IRA combines ease of use, robust security, and tax-advantaged growth into one platform. It supports 75+ cryptocurrencies tradable 24/7, with account setup completed in approximately 3 minutes through bank contributions, IRA transfers, or 401(k) rollovers. Note: Multiple 2026 industry rankings now place iTrustCapital above Bitcoin IRA on overall value due to fee differences. Bitcoin IRA remains the strongest choice for users prioritizing asset breadth (75+ cryptos) and insurance coverage. Category Detail Cryptos Supported 75+ including BTC, ETH, ADA, LINK Account Minimum Not publicly specified Trading 24/7 via personalized dashboard Account Types Traditional IRA, Roth IRA Custody BitGo — 100% cold storage Insurance Up to $250 million Trading Fees ~2% (verify directly — not publicly listed) Monthly Fees 0.08% (verify directly) In-Kind Transfers Yes — free ✓ Pros Widest crypto selection (75+); $250M insurance; military-grade security; 4,000+ five-star reviews; 24/7 trading; guided setup ✗ Cons Higher fees vs. competitors; no direct asset control; setup/transfer can take several business days Transaction Fees Read Also: What Does 5x Mean in Crypto? 2. iTrustCapital – Best Overall for 2026: Low Fees and Real-Time Trading iTrustCapital has consistently been recognized as the best Crypto IRA of 2026 by Investopedia, Business Insider, Investing.com, and Benzinga. With no monthly fees, 24/7 real-time trading, and a clean 1% transaction fee structure, it offers the lowest all-in cost of any major provider for active traders. It has surpassed $10 billion in crypto transactions through IRAs, with 13,000+ excellent reviews across Trustpilot and Google. IRA FinancialIRA Financial Category Detail Cryptos Supported Limited selection (major assets only) Account Minimum $1,000 Trading 24/7 real-time Account Types Traditional IRA, Roth IRA, SEP IRA Custody Coinbase Custody + Fireblocks (cold storage, MPC) Insurance Not prominently published — verify directly Crypto Trading Fee 1% per transaction Gold Fee $75 per transaction Silver Fee $3.25 per transaction Monthly Fees $0 Setup Fees $0 ✓ Pros Best overall for 2026 (Investopedia, Business Insider); zero monthly/setup fees; real-time 24/7 trading; in-kind crypto transfers; IRS-compliant reporting; institutional custody ✗ Cons $1,000 minimum; limited crypto selection vs. Bitcoin IRA; no staking; self-managed (no investment advice) Fees Read Also: How to earn crypto passively 3. Alto CryptoIRA — Best for Beginners and Widest Crypto Access Alto CryptoIRA integration with Coinbase gives it the broadest crypto selection of any provider, 250+ assets — at a $10 minimum investment. No account minimums and a simple three-step setup make it the most accessible entry point for investors new to self-directed IRAs. Category Detail Cryptos Supported 250+ via Coinbase integration Account Minimum $10 Trading Available through Coinbase Account Types Traditional IRA, Roth IRA, SEP IRA Custody Coinbase (institutional hot/cold storage) Insurance FDIC-insured cash accounts Trading Fee 1% per transaction Custody Fee $0 Monthly Fees $0 ✓ Pros Widest crypto access (250+); $10 minimum; no custody or monthly fees; FDIC-insured cash; simple setup; mobile app; transparent pricing ✗ Cons Coinbase-only exchange (no flexibility); no advanced trading tools; no self-custody/private key access Fees Service fees applied to both Alto IRAs and Alto CryptoIRAs are displayed below: BitIRA – Best for Top-Tier Security and Insurance BitIRA is built for investors who prioritize safety above all else. End-to-end insurance, multi-signature cold storage, and full IRS compliance make it the most security-focused option on the list, though the $7,000–$10,000 minimum filters out casual investors. Category Detail Cryptos Supported 17+ including BTC, ETH, SOL, LINK Account Minimum $7,000–$10,000 Trading No real-time trading Account Types Traditional, Roth, SEP, SIMPLE IRAs; TSP, 403(b), 457 Custody Multi-signature cold storage, FDIC-insured cash Insurance Full end-to-end insurance — amount not specified Monthly Custodian Fee Free Liquidation Fee Free Other Fees Contact support ✓ Pros Full end-to-end insurance; multi-signature cold storage; multiple IRA types; IRS compliant; full setup management; FDIC-insured cash deposits ✗ Cons High minimum ($7K–$10K); limited crypto selection (17+); no real-time trading; higher fees than most competitors Fees 5. Equity Trust — Best for Combining Traditional and Crypto Assets With over $65 billion in assets under custody and decades of operating history, Equity Trust is the established custodian choice for investors who want stocks, real estate, and crypto under one retirement account. The fee transparency issue is its main drawback — verify all costs upfront. Category Detail Cryptos Supported Broad (via partnered providers) Account Minimum Not specified Trading T+1 settlement Account Types Roth, Traditional, SEP, Solo
Bitget to Enter U.S. Market With or Without Clarity Act
Cryptocurrency exchange Bitget is pressing ahead with plans to enter the United States, regardless of whether Congress passes the proposed CLARITY Act. The decision marks a renewed push into one of the world’s most heavily regulated crypto markets after the company shelved similar plans following the collapse of FTX in 2022. Chief Executive Officer Gracy Chen said Bitget is committed to establishing a regulated U.S. presence through a standalone domestic entity, with licensing taking priority before any products or services are introduced to American customers. The move also reflects Bitget’s broader strategy of expanding regulated operations globally while increasing its focus on tokenized traditional assets. Key Takeaways Bitget Revives Its U.S. Expansion Bitget first explored entering the U.S. market in 2022 but abandoned those plans after regulatory scrutiny intensified across the crypto industry following the failure of FTX. The exchange has now reversed that decision. According to Chen, the company has already committed to launching in the United States and is preparing to complete the required regulatory approvals before opening its platform to American users. “With or without the Clarity Act, Bitget has already made a decision to enter the U.S. market.” Rather than operating through its existing offshore structure, Bitget plans to establish a separate U.S. based company that will independently satisfy domestic regulatory requirements. The exchange intends to pursue money transmitter registrations, broker dealer licenses, and derivatives approvals before commencing operations. Chen emphasized that regulatory readiness will come before product launches. “Everything needs to be ready before we ship anything.” Tokenized Assets Become a Major Growth Driver Bitget’s expansion strategy extends beyond cryptocurrency trading. The company is increasingly investing in tokenized versions of traditional financial assets, an area that has seen rapid growth across global digital asset markets. Chen revealed that Bitget has held discussions with both the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq regarding potential collaboration involving tokenized financial products. Rather than viewing traditional exchanges as competitors, she described them as potential partners in building regulated blockchain based capital markets. “At least at this point, we are more collaborators.” According to Bitget, traditional financial assets accounted for between 20% and 30% of its spot trading volume during the previous quarter. The company also reported that 52% of its users now hold both cryptocurrencies and equities. Its tokenized stock platform has accumulated more than $100 million in assets since launching, highlighting growing investor interest in blockchain based representations of listed securities. CLARITY Act Remains Uncertain While Bitget’s expansion will move forward regardless of legislation, Chen acknowledged that the proposed CLARITY Act could simplify certain aspects of operating in the United States. The legislation aims to establish a clearer federal framework for digital assets by defining regulatory responsibilities between agencies such as the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Although the House previously approved its version of the bill, the Senate must still pass its own legislation before any final measure can become law. Chen said she has become less optimistic that Congress will complete the process before the upcoming midterm elections, but stressed that Bitget’s licensing strategy does not depend on the outcome. Instead, the company plans to work within the existing regulatory framework while continuing preparations for its U.S. launch. Global Compliance Remains Central to Growth The planned U.S. expansion follows Bitget’s broader effort to obtain regulatory approvals across multiple jurisdictions. The company recently submitted a Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation application through Austria’s Financial Market Authority to support its European operations and has also secured registrations in markets including Argentina. At the same time, Bitget continues to limit operations in jurisdictions where regulatory approval has not been obtained. Earlier this week, the company confirmed that Singapore remains a restricted market because it is not licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. This approach reflects the exchange’s strategy of expanding through local compliance rather than relying on offshore access. Conclusion Bitget’s decision to pursue a fully licensed U.S. operation signals a significant shift in its global expansion strategy. By committing to regulatory approvals before launch, the exchange is positioning itself for long term participation in one of the world’s largest financial markets, regardless of ongoing legislative uncertainty. The company’s growing emphasis on tokenized traditional assets also illustrates how crypto exchanges are increasingly expanding beyond digital currencies into regulated financial products. Whether or not the CLARITY Act becomes law, Bitget appears determined to build its U.S. presence through compliance, institutional partnerships, and a locally regulated business structure.
Russia’s State Duma Passes Major Crypto Bill, Pending President Vladimir Putin’s Signature
Russia has moved closer to establishing one of its most comprehensive cryptocurrency regulatory frameworks after the State Duma approved a landmark digital asset bill in its second and third readings. The legislation now awaits approval from the Federation Council and President Vladimir Putin before becoming law. If signed, the new framework will begin taking effect on September 1, 2026, with a transition period extending until July 1, 2027, giving market participants time to comply with new licensing and operational requirements. The legislation creates a regulated market for cryptocurrency trading, authorizes the use of digital assets for international settlements, and introduces licensing requirements for exchanges, brokers, custodians, and other crypto service providers. At the same time, Russia continues to prohibit cryptocurrencies from being used as a domestic payment method. Key Takeaways Licensed Market Replaces Regulatory Uncertainty The new legislation establishes Russia’s first unified legal framework governing cryptocurrency businesses. Under the bill, crypto exchanges, brokers, digital asset custodians, portfolio managers, and a newly created category of registered crypto exchangers will be required to obtain licenses and operate under the supervision of the Bank of Russia. Only licensed entities will be allowed to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions once the transition period ends. Registered crypto exchangers must maintain a minimum capital requirement of 15 million rubles, implement anti fraud systems, segregate customer assets from company funds, and meet operational, cybersecurity, and staffing standards before receiving approval. The Bank of Russia will also determine which cryptocurrencies qualify for trading within the regulated system. Cross Border Payments Receive Legal Recognition One of the legislation’s most significant provisions authorizes the use of cryptocurrencies for international trade settlements. The measure is designed to provide Russian exporters and importers with an alternative settlement mechanism as Western sanctions continue to restrict access to traditional payment networks. While businesses engaged in foreign trade will be permitted to use approved digital assets for cross border transactions, cryptocurrencies will remain prohibited for purchasing goods and services inside Russia. The Russian ruble will continue to serve as the country’s only legal domestic payment currency. New Rules for Investors The legislation creates separate requirements for retail and qualified investors. Retail participants will be limited to purchasing up to 300,000 rubles worth of approved cryptocurrencies annually through each licensed intermediary after passing an investor suitability assessment. Qualified investors, including professional traders and certain institutional participants, will not face the same purchase restrictions. The legislation also introduces additional safeguards for cryptocurrency transfers. Some transactions exceeding regulatory thresholds may be subject to a 48 hour anti fraud review period, while Russian banks will be required to reject payments to unlicensed foreign cryptocurrency platforms beginning July 1, 2027. Industry Divided Over Strict Licensing Requirements Supporters argue the legislation brings long needed legal clarity to Russia’s digital asset market by replacing regulatory uncertainty with defined licensing and compliance standards. The framework is also expected to support banks and financial institutions preparing crypto related services. Several major institutions, including Sberbank, VTB, T Bank, and Moscow Exchange, have already announced plans to expand regulated digital asset offerings once the law takes effect. However, some industry participants believe the rules may prove overly restrictive. GMT Legal founder Andrey Tugarin noted that registered crypto exchangers represent an entirely new legal category, meaning existing businesses will not automatically qualify under the framework. Meanwhile, Exved founder Sergey Mendeleev criticized the legislation, arguing that many industry recommendations were overlooked during the drafting process. “This is not regulation. It is a ban. Like casinos or forex.” According to Mendeleev, the framework favors selected financial institutions and foreign trade participants while making compliance significantly more difficult for existing crypto businesses. Conclusion Russia’s latest cryptocurrency legislation represents a major step toward building a regulated digital asset market under close government oversight. By introducing licensing requirements, investor classifications, and legal pathways for international crypto settlements, lawmakers are creating a structured framework while maintaining strict controls over domestic cryptocurrency use. The bill now awaits final approval from the Federation Council and President Vladimir Putin. If enacted, the legislation will reshape how cryptocurrency businesses operate in Russia, providing greater legal certainty for regulated participants while imposing tighter restrictions on unlicensed platforms and offshore exchanges.
SEC Charges Florida Man and Company in Alleged $22 Million Crypto Mining Fraud Scheme
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has charged Florida resident Zan Shaikh and his company, Mining Automatic, over an alleged cryptocurrency mining investment scheme that raised more than $22 million from over 380 investors while spending only a small portion of the funds on actual mining operations. According to the SEC, the scheme operated between June 2023 and May 2025, promising investors guaranteed monthly returns generated through cryptocurrency mining. Instead, regulators allege that investor money was diverted to marketing campaigns, Shaikh’s personal expenses, and unrelated business activities. The enforcement action is the latest in a series of cases targeting fraudulent crypto investment schemes as U.S. regulators continue to focus on investor protection across the digital asset industry. Key Takeaways SEC Alleges Investor Funds Were Largely Diverted According to the complaint filed in federal court in Massachusetts, Mining Automatic marketed itself as a cryptocurrency mining investment platform that allowed customers to earn passive income without operating mining equipment themselves. Investors were told their funds would be used to purchase computing power to validate blockchain transactions and generate regular cryptocurrency rewards. The SEC alleges those representations were false. The regulator claims only about 13% of the approximately $22 million raised was spent on mining related activities, while the majority of investor funds were directed elsewhere. According to the complaint, substantial amounts were used to finance advertising campaigns aimed at attracting additional investors, while other funds allegedly covered Shaikh’s personal expenditures, real estate purchases, entertainment costs, vehicle expenses, and unrelated business ventures. The SEC also alleges the operation generated significantly less mining revenue than investors were led to expect, leaving more than $20 million in investor principal unpaid. Alleged Misrepresentations Extended Beyond Mining Operations Beyond the use of investor funds, regulators claim Shaikh made multiple false statements regarding the company’s business. According to the SEC, he allegedly misrepresented his experience in cryptocurrency mining, overstated the company’s operational capabilities, and provided misleading explanations when investor payments began arriving late. The complaint also alleges that Mining Automatic continued marketing guaranteed monthly returns even though its mining activities could not generate the advertised payouts. Regulators noted that some investor payments appeared to come from newly raised funds rather than mining income, giving the operation what the SEC described as “some of the hallmarks of a Ponzi scheme.” Settlement Reached on Part of the Case The SEC has charged Shaikh and Mining Automatic with violating the registration and antifraud provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 as well as Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5. Without admitting or denying the allegations, both defendants have agreed to partial settlements that remain subject to court approval. If approved, the judgments would permanently prohibit future violations of federal securities laws. Shaikh would also be barred from serving as an officer or director of a public company and could face additional conduct based restrictions. The court will determine the amount of disgorgement, prejudgment interest, and civil penalties at a later stage following further submissions from the SEC. The investigation was conducted by the SEC’s Cyber and Emerging Technologies Unit alongside the agency’s Boston Regional Office. Crypto Enforcement Remains Active The Mining Automatic case follows several recent enforcement actions involving cryptocurrency investment schemes. Earlier this month, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission filed a lawsuit against Trevor Vernon and Argent Capital Management over an alleged $14 million commodity pool fraud. Separately, the U.S. Department of Justice recently moved to dismiss its criminal case against the founder of BitClub Network, despite previous allegations that the mining operation generated approximately $722 million from investors. Internationally, authorities have also intensified enforcement efforts. A Taiwanese court recently sentenced the alleged operator of the BitShine exchange to 22 years in prison on charges including fraud, money laundering, and operating illegal digital asset services. Conclusion The SEC’s action against Mining Automatic highlights the agency’s continued scrutiny of cryptocurrency investment programs that promise guaranteed or predictable returns. Regulators allege that while investors believed they were funding legitimate mining operations, most of their money was diverted to marketing, personal spending, and other non mining activities. As enforcement efforts continue in the United States and abroad, the case serves as another reminder for investors to carefully evaluate crypto investment opportunities, particularly those advertising fixed monthly returns or low risk profits. Regulatory authorities continue to emphasize that transparency, proper registration, and verifiable business operations remain critical indicators of legitimate digital asset investment offerings.
Kraken Parent Payward Partners With GTN to Scale Xstocks Internationally, Beyond US Equities
Payward, the parent company of cryptocurrency exchange Kraken and the developer of the xStocks tokenized equities framework, has partnered with global investment infrastructure provider GTN to expand its tokenized securities offering beyond U.S. markets. The collaboration will begin with tokenized Hong Kong-listed equities before extending to the United Kingdom, Europe, South Korea, and other international markets, subject to regulatory approvals. Beyond equities, the partnership also lays the groundwork for bringing additional asset classes onchain, supporting Payward’s broader vision of creating a global tokenized investment ecosystem. The announcement comes as competition intensifies among financial institutions and crypto companies seeking to bridge traditional capital markets with blockchain infrastructure. Key Takeaways Xstocks Expands Beyond U.S. Markets Since launching in 2025, xStocks has primarily offered tokenized U.S. stocks and exchange traded funds backed one to one by the underlying securities held in regulated custody. The partnership with GTN marks the platform’s first major international expansion. According to Payward, Hong Kong listed companies will be added first, followed by equities from the United Kingdom, European markets, and South Korea as regulatory approvals are secured. The company said the long term objective is to allow investors to hold tokenized assets from multiple jurisdictions within a single blockchain based portfolio while benefiting from extended trading availability and compatibility across centralized exchanges, self custody wallets, and decentralized finance applications. GTN Provides the Infrastructure Rather than issuing tokenized assets directly, GTN will supply the regulated infrastructure supporting the international rollout. Its responsibilities include executing transactions in the underlying securities, providing custody services, maintaining ledgering and record keeping systems, and supporting sub accounting technology required for tokenized financial products. Once the necessary licenses are obtained in each jurisdiction, GTN also plans to distribute selected xStocks products to its institutional clients. GTN currently provides financial infrastructure connecting institutions to more than 90 global markets across eight asset classes, giving Payward a scalable foundation for expanding beyond U.S. securities. Ankit Shah, GTN’s Global Head of FinTech, said the partnership is intended to simplify international expansion for financial institutions. “Our infrastructure lets partners like Payward launch quickly across 90+ markets and a full range of instruments.” Building a Global Tokenized Investment Platform Payward views the partnership as a step toward removing geographic barriers that have traditionally separated global capital markets. Mark Greenberg, Global Head of Payward Services, said existing financial infrastructure continues to divide markets by country, currency, and trading hours. “The biggest asset class that hasn’t been tokenized yet is the rest of the world.” According to Payward, the collaboration will eventually support more than equities. While no specific timeline has been announced, the framework has been designed to accommodate additional tokenized asset classes as regulatory approvals become available. The company believes this will allow investors to manage multiple blockchain based financial instruments within a unified onchain portfolio. Building a Global Tokenized Investment Platform The announcement reflects growing momentum across the tokenized securities sector. Robinhood has expanded its tokenized stock offerings, while Coinbase has been developing blockchain based equity products and pursuing regulatory approval for similar services. Traditional market infrastructure providers including Nasdaq, the New York Stock Exchange, and the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation have also continued exploring blockchain based settlement and tokenization initiatives. These developments are driven by expectations that tokenization can improve settlement efficiency, increase market accessibility, and enable near continuous trading of traditional financial assets. Xstocks Reports Continued Growth Payward said xStocks has expanded significantly since its launch. The platform now supports more than 500 tokenized stocks, ETFs, and IPOs, has processed more than $35 billion in transaction volume across multiple blockchain ecosystems, and has attracted nearly 200,000 holders worldwide. The partnership with GTN is expected to accelerate that growth by extending the framework into international equity markets while creating opportunities to introduce additional asset classes in the future. Institutional distribution through GTN will begin after the required regulatory approvals are obtained across participating jurisdictions. Conclusion Payward’s partnership with GTN represents a significant expansion of the xStocks ecosystem beyond its original focus on U.S. equities. By combining GTN’s regulated market infrastructure with xStocks’ blockchain based framework, the companies aim to provide broader access to international securities through tokenized assets. The collaboration also signals a wider ambition to build a multi asset onchain investment platform that extends beyond equities. As regulatory approvals progress and additional markets come online, the partnership could play an important role in expanding global access to tokenized financial products while further integrating traditional capital markets with blockchain technology.
SEC Reaches Settlement With Coinbase Over Records Requests From Gensler Era
Coinbase has reached a settlement with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), ending a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) lawsuit that sought internal records related to the agency’s handling of cryptocurrency oversight during former SEC Chair Gary Gensler’s tenure. The agreement requires the SEC to review its record preservation practices, release two previously withheld documents, and pay $150,000 in attorney fees to History Associates, the consulting firm that filed the FOIA requests on Coinbase’s behalf. The settlement also follows revelations that nearly 11 months of Gensler’s official text messages were lost during a period when the SEC intensified enforcement actions against the crypto industry. The resolution marks the latest chapter in Coinbase’s broader effort to obtain greater transparency from U.S. financial regulators. Key Takeaways FOIA Dispute Centered on Crypto Related Records Coinbase filed the lawsuit after seeking internal SEC communications concerning the agency’s approach to cryptocurrency regulation and enforcement. The requests were submitted through History Associates under the Freedom of Information Act after the exchange argued the SEC had failed to provide documents relating to its decision making during a period of heightened scrutiny of the digital asset industry. The legal battle formed part of Coinbase’s wider campaign to increase transparency around how federal agencies developed and implemented crypto related policies. Under the settlement, the SEC has agreed to disclose two records that had previously been withheld and compensate History Associates for legal expenses incurred during the litigation. Missing Gensler Messages Became Central Issue Coinbase Chief Legal Officer Paul Grewal said the settlement follows findings that the SEC lost nearly 11 months of former Chair Gary Gensler’s text messages covering the period from October 18, 2022, through September 6, 2023. The missing communications coincided with one of the agency’s most active periods of cryptocurrency enforcement. According to the SEC’s Office of Inspector General, the messages were lost because of avoidable technical and record management failures after Gensler’s government issued phone stopped synchronizing with the agency’s device management system. Subsequent efforts to restore access resulted in the device being reset before a usable backup had been created, permanently deleting the messages. Although investigators concluded the incident resulted from administrative errors rather than intentional destruction, they described the loss as preventable. Investigators were later able to recover approximately 1,500 related text messages from other officials’ devices, with roughly 38% involving official agency business, including discussions concerning the timing of enforcement actions against cryptocurrency trading platforms. Coinbase Criticizes Recordkeeping Standards Grewal argued that the SEC should be held to the same record preservation standards it enforces across the financial industry. He noted that the regulator has imposed more than $2 billion in penalties against financial firms for failing to properly preserve business communications while experiencing similar shortcomings internally. The settlement requires the SEC to review how it preserves official communications and evaluate its existing records management procedures. Following recommendations from the Inspector General, the agency has already introduced several operational changes, including disabling text messaging on most government devices, notifying the National Archives about the lost records, and implementing additional safeguards before government devices can be reset. Part of a Broader Transparency Campaign The SEC agreement follows another legal victory for Coinbase involving the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Earlier this year, Coinbase settled a separate FOIA lawsuit against the FDIC after seeking internal communications known as “pause letters,” which requested that banks delay or limit certain cryptocurrency related activities. That settlement prompted the FDIC to revise aspects of its disclosure practices and pay attorney fees. Meanwhile, the SEC’s enforcement lawsuit against Coinbase, originally filed during the Gensler administration, was dismissed earlier in 2025 under the agency’s new leadership. Together, the settlements conclude several of the exchange’s highest profile legal disputes with federal regulators over both enforcement and government transparency. Conclusion The settlement between Coinbase and the SEC brings an end to a two year dispute over public records tied to the agency’s cryptocurrency oversight during the Gensler era. While the agreement does not conclude that records were intentionally destroyed, it requires the SEC to strengthen its record preservation practices, release additional documents, and compensate Coinbase’s legal representatives for pursuing the case. The outcome also reinforces Coinbase’s broader effort to increase transparency around regulatory decision making. Alongside the earlier dismissal of the SEC’s enforcement action and the resolution of its FOIA case against the FDIC, the settlement closes another significant chapter in the exchange’s ongoing engagement with U.S. financial regulators.
South Korea’s Mirae Asset Completes Acquisition of Korbit Crypto Exchange
South Korea’s Mirae Asset Consulting has completed its acquisition of a controlling stake in Korbit, making the country’s oldest cryptocurrency exchange part of one of its largest financial conglomerates. The transaction gives Mirae Asset a 97.15% ownership stake following regulatory approval from the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC), marking the first time a major Korean financial group has gained direct control of a licensed domestic virtual asset exchange. The deal, valued at approximately 141.4 billion won (about $105 million), signals Mirae Asset’s long-term commitment to digital assets as it positions itself to expand into stablecoins, crypto custody, tokenized real-world assets, and other institutional blockchain services. Key Takeaways Mirae Asset Secures Control of Korbit Mirae Asset Consulting initially agreed to acquire a 92.06% stake in Korbit before purchasing additional shares that raised its ownership to 97.15%. The acquisition followed clearance from South Korea’s antitrust regulator on July 9, which concluded that the transaction was unlikely to restrict competition because Korbit accounts for only around 0.5% of the country’s cryptocurrency trading market. Although Korbit is no longer among South Korea’s largest trading platforms, it holds significant historical importance. Founded in 2013, it became the country’s first cryptocurrency exchange and pioneered Bitcoin to Korean won trading. Rather than acquiring market share alone, Mirae Asset gains an established, fully licensed virtual asset platform operating within one of the world’s most regulated cryptocurrency markets. A Strategic Move Into Digital Assets Mirae Asset has described the acquisition as part of its strategy to secure future growth through digital asset businesses. Unlike traditional financial firms that typically offer indirect crypto exposure through investment products, the acquisition gives Mirae Asset ownership of regulated exchange infrastructure capable of supporting a wider range of blockchain based financial services. The company has identified several long-term opportunities, including stablecoin services, digital asset custody, real world asset tokenization, and institutional crypto products. Mirae Asset Financial Group founder and Global Strategy Officer Park Hyeon-joo also revealed that Korbit will eventually be rebranded as Digital X, positioning it as a central component of the group’s broader Mirae Asset 3.0 strategy. “Digital X will serve as the most powerful engine for realizing Mirae Asset 3.0.” Customer Services Remain Unchanged Korbit emphasized that the acquisition will not affect customers’ day to day operations. The exchange confirmed that its legal operating entity remains unchanged, while trading, deposits, and withdrawals will continue without interruption. Customer deposits and digital assets will remain segregated from company funds under South Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act, and the handling of users’ personal information will also remain unchanged. These assurances are intended to provide continuity as ownership transitions to Mirae Asset. Regulatory Environment Supports Institutional Expansion The acquisition comes as South Korea continues developing a comprehensive regulatory framework for digital assets. Lawmakers are working on legislation covering stablecoins, custody standards, tokenized assets, and broader digital asset market rules, while financial institutions increasingly position themselves for greater participation in regulated crypto services. Mirae Asset’s successful acquisition establishes an important precedent by demonstrating that ownership of a licensed cryptocurrency exchange by a financial conglomerate can receive regulatory approval under existing competition rules. Industry observers expect other financial groups to monitor the transaction closely as they evaluate similar opportunities. Institutional Competition Continues to Grow The Korbit acquisition forms part of a broader trend of traditional financial institutions entering South Korea’s digital asset sector. Several brokerage firms and financial companies have recently invested in or pursued partnerships with cryptocurrency exchanges as they prepare for future growth in tokenized assets and institutional blockchain services. While Korbit currently trails market leaders such as Upbit and Bithumb in trading volume, Mirae Asset appears to be focused less on retail trading and more on building infrastructure capable of supporting future digital finance products. The exchange’s regulatory licenses, compliance systems, and established operating framework may prove more valuable than its current market share as institutional adoption expands. Conclusion Mirae Asset’s acquisition of Korbit marks a significant milestone for South Korea’s cryptocurrency industry by bringing a licensed virtual asset exchange under the ownership of one of the country’s largest financial groups. Rather than pursuing immediate gains in retail trading, the company is positioning itself to participate in emerging areas such as stablecoins, custody services, and tokenized real world assets. As South Korea finalizes its digital asset regulatory framework, the transaction could serve as a blueprint for deeper collaboration between traditional finance and the cryptocurrency sector, potentially encouraging other major financial institutions to pursue similar investments.
Bitget Secures License for New Zealand Expansion
Cryptocurrency exchange Bitget has expanded its global regulatory footprint after registering as a Financial Services Provider (FSP) on New Zealand’s Financial Service Providers Register (FSPR). The registration enables the company to offer a broader range of regulated financial services while strengthening its compliance framework as it expands beyond digital assets into traditional financial products. In addition to joining the official register, Bitget has also become a member of New Zealand’s Insurance and Financial Services Ombudsman (IFSO) Dispute Resolution Scheme, providing eligible customers with an independent avenue for resolving disputes. The latest approval forms part of the exchange’s wider strategy to build a regulated global financial platform that combines cryptocurrencies with traditional financial instruments. Key Takeaways Registration Expands Financial Service Offerings Bitget’s registration authorizes the company to operate across several categories of financial services in New Zealand. These include foreign currency exchange, domestic and international money transfers, client asset custody, portfolio and money management, and the execution of financial product or foreign exchange transactions on behalf of customers. The exchange said the registration strengthens the operational and compliance framework required to support an expanding portfolio of financial services that extends beyond cryptocurrency trading. Customers Gain Access to Independent Dispute Resolution Alongside the FSPR registration, Bitget has joined the Insurance and Financial Services Ombudsman (IFSO) Dispute Resolution Scheme. The independent organization provides eligible customers with an external process for resolving complaints involving participating financial service providers, adding another layer of consumer protection for users in New Zealand. Part of Bitget’s Universal Exchange Strategy The New Zealand registration supports Bitget’s broader Universal Exchange (UEX) initiative, which aims to bring multiple asset classes onto a single trading platform. The company is developing infrastructure capable of supporting cryptocurrencies alongside tokenized securities, commodities, foreign exchange products, and other financial instruments. Bitget Chief Executive Officer Gracy Chen said regulatory compliance remains essential as financial platforms expand into a wider range of services. “Financial platforms need compliance structures that can support a wider mix of assets and services.” She added that the latest registration strengthens Bitget’s international financial services framework as it continues integrating digital assets with established financial markets. Regulatory Expansion Remains a Strategic Priority The approval reflects a broader trend across the cryptocurrency industry, where exchanges are increasingly prioritizing regulatory compliance as governments introduce more comprehensive oversight of digital assets. Bitget said it continues expanding through registered entities and qualified partners across multiple jurisdictions as it builds infrastructure for both traditional financial products and tokenized real world assets. The exchange recently reported that its perpetual futures trading volume surpassed $70 billion, highlighting continued growth alongside its regulatory expansion efforts. Registration Is Not a Government Endorsement While the FSPR registration allows Bitget to operate as a registered financial service provider, the company emphasized that it should not be interpreted as government approval or endorsement. According to the company, registration on New Zealand’s Financial Service Providers Register does not constitute an endorsement, guarantee, or approval by the New Zealand Government, the Financial Markets Authority, or the Registrar of Financial Service Providers. Conclusion Bitget’s registration as a Financial Services Provider in New Zealand represents another step in the exchange’s global compliance strategy. By securing authorization to provide a broader range of regulated financial services and joining the country’s independent dispute resolution scheme, the company is positioning itself to bridge digital assets with traditional financial markets. As cryptocurrency platforms continue expanding into tokenized assets and conventional financial products, regulatory approvals such as New Zealand’s FSPR registration are becoming increasingly important components of long term international growth strategies.
Bitcoin Policy Institute, Palantir and Anduril Join US State Department’s Freedom Tech Excellence Program
The U.S. State Department has launched the Freedom Tech Excellence Program (FTEP), a new initiative that will bring private sector experts into temporary diplomatic assignments focused on advancing digital freedom and online rights. Among the program’s founding partners is the Bitcoin Policy Institute (BPI), alongside Palantir Technologies, Anduril Industries, and the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. The initiative reflects the State Department’s effort to tap external expertise in areas such as online freedom of expression, privacy enhancing technologies, digital surveillance, and artificial intelligence governance. The inclusion of the Bitcoin Policy Institute also highlights the growing role Bitcoin is playing in U.S. discussions on digital freedom and censorship resistance. Key Takeaways State Department Launches Digital Freedom Initiative The Freedom Tech Excellence Program is structured as a talent exchange that embeds specialists from participating organizations into limited term assignments within the State Department. Rather than becoming federal employees, participants will remain employed by their respective organizations while contributing technical expertise to diplomatic initiatives. According to the State Department, the program is intended to strengthen U.S. diplomatic efforts in areas where specialized knowledge from the private sector can complement government capabilities. Its primary areas of focus include protecting First Amendment principles online, promoting freedom of expression, developing privacy enhancing technologies, countering unlawful digital surveillance and online scams, supporting responsible artificial intelligence governance, and improving online safety. Bitcoin Policy Institute Joins Founding Partners The Bitcoin Policy Institute announced that it will participate as one of the program’s founding organizations. The nonprofit think tank, established in 2021, focuses on Bitcoin policy research, education, and engagement with policymakers. Through FTEP, employees from the institute will work alongside State Department officials on issues related to digital rights and technology policy. BPI President David Zell said the partnership will allow the organization to contribute directly to diplomatic efforts that support digital freedom. The institute described the initiative as an opportunity for its experts to work with government officials in advancing policies that strengthen online privacy, free expression, and technological innovation. Bitcoin Gains a Broader Policy Role The inclusion of the Bitcoin Policy Institute signals a broader recognition of Bitcoin beyond its role as a financial asset. The organization has long argued that Bitcoin serves as a tool for individuals living under authoritarian governments by enabling access to financial systems that are less vulnerable to censorship and centralized control. Its participation in the State Department’s program suggests that these ideas are becoming part of wider U.S. foreign policy discussions surrounding digital freedom and secure technologies. Rather than focusing solely on cryptocurrency regulation, the initiative places Bitcoin within broader conversations about privacy, encryption, surveillance, and access to open digital infrastructure. Part of a Wider Crypto Strategy The Freedom Tech Excellence Program complements the Trump administration’s broader approach to digital assets during President Donald Trump’s second term. The administration has directed federal agencies to help position the United States as the world’s leading hub for cryptocurrency innovation. Earlier initiatives included an executive order establishing a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a U.S. Digital Asset Stockpile, funded with approximately 200,000 Bitcoin obtained through criminal forfeitures. Within that broader policy framework, Bitcoin is increasingly being presented as both a strategic financial asset and a technology with applications extending beyond investment markets. Program Begins This Quarter The State Department expects the first FTEP assignments to begin during the current quarter. Participants from the four founding organizations will contribute to projects involving digital rights, emerging technologies, and international technology policy while maintaining their positions with their home organizations. The department has also scheduled an initial review of the program’s outcomes for September 2026, which will help evaluate its effectiveness and determine future direction. Conclusion The launch of the Freedom Tech Excellence Program marks a new approach to incorporating private sector expertise into U.S. diplomatic efforts on digital policy. By bringing together organizations such as the Bitcoin Policy Institute, Palantir, Anduril, and the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation, the State Department aims to strengthen its work on digital freedom, online privacy, and emerging technologies. For the cryptocurrency industry, the inclusion of the Bitcoin Policy Institute is particularly significant. It demonstrates that Bitcoin is increasingly being viewed not only as a financial innovation but also as a technology with potential applications in promoting free expression, resisting digital censorship, and supporting broader U.S. strategic objectives in the digital age.