On-chain shard scaling refers to a method used to improve the efficiency and throughput of a blockchain network. It achieves this by dividing the overall network into smaller, manageable pieces called “shards.” Each shard operates independently while still being part of the main chain, allowing transactions and data to be processed in parallel.This approach helps reduce congestion on the network by distributing the workload across multiple shards. Each shard can handle its own transactions, smart contracts, and state changes, which leads to faster processing times and increased scalability. Moreover, on-chain shard scaling aims to maintain the overall security and decentralization of the blockchain. Each shard periodically communicates with a central chain, ensuring that all shards stay synchronized and secure. This design allows for a more efficient use of resources, making it possible for blockchain networks to support a larger number of users and applications without sacrificing performance. Overall, on-chain shard scaling offers a promising solution to the challenges of scalability faced by many blockchain networks today.