L2 scaling refers to solutions designed to improve the scalability of blockchain networks by allowing transactions to occur off the main blockchain. This helps decrease congestion and increase transaction speeds while reducing fees.Layer 2 solutions work by processing transactions on a secondary layer that is built on top of the main blockchain (Layer 1). Once transactions are completed, they are bundled and submitted back to the main chain for finalization. Common L2 scaling solutions include state channels, sidechains, and rollups. State channels allow two parties to conduct multiple transactions off-chain while only recording the final outcome on the main chain. Sidechains operate as separate blockchains that are interoperable with the main chain, enabling different rules and faster processing. Rollups package multiple transactions into a single one, reducing the data load on the main chain.By increasing efficiency, L2 scaling solutions aim to make blockchain networks more user-friendly, supporting more transactions per second and lower fees, ultimately enhancing adoption and usability.