Mining difficulty refers to the level of challenge miners face when trying to solve complex mathematical problems to add new blocks to a blockchain. This measure ensures that blocks are mined at a consistent rate, regardless of the number of participants in the network.As more miners join the network and competition increases, the mining difficulty adjusts, typically every two weeks or after a certain number of blocks are mined. If blocks are being created too quickly, the difficulty increases, making it harder to solve the problems. Conversely, if blocks are being mined too slowly, the difficulty decreases.This adjustment mechanism helps maintain the stability and security of the blockchain by controlling the flow of new coins into circulation and preventing rapid inflation. It also ensures that mining remains an ongoing challenge, thus safeguarding the network from potential abuses by malicious actors.