SegWit, short for Segregated Witness, is an upgrade to the Bitcoin protocol that aims to improve transaction efficiency and capacity. It achieves this by separating transaction signatures, or witnesses, from the transaction data itself. By moving these signatures out of the main block, more space becomes available for additional transactions. This helps in reducing the size of each transaction, allowing more of them to fit within a single block. As a result, SegWit helps to lower transaction fees and increase transaction speed.In addition to enhancing capacity, SegWit also addresses issues such as transaction malleability. This means that the unique identifiers of transactions cannot be altered, which is beneficial for various scaling solutions and second-layer protocols, such as the Lightning Network.Overall, SegWit represents a significant step toward improving Bitcoin’s scalability, making it more efficient for users and paving the way for future innovations.