Ethereum 2.0, also known as Eth2 or Serenity, is an upgrade to the original Ethereum blockchain. Its primary goal is to improve the network’s scalability, security, and sustainability.The most significant change in this upgrade is the shift from a proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism to proof-of-stake (PoS). In PoS, validators replace miners and are chosen to create new blocks and confirm transactions based on the number of coins they hold and are willing to “stake” as collateral. This method is more energy-efficient and reduces the environmental impact compared to PoW.Ethereum 2.0 is being rolled out in multiple phases. The first phase, known as the Beacon Chain, introduced PoS and laid the groundwork for future enhancements. Subsequent phases will integrate shard chains, which will improve the network’s capacity to process transactions by allowing multiple chains to operate simultaneously.Overall, Ethereum 2.0 aims to make the network faster, cheaper, and more accessible while maintaining security and decentralization.